You’ve heard of the placebo: an inert sugar pill that can still have a positive effect because your body thinks it’s getting medicine. Turns out that lying is even better than we thought.
Check out this clipping from an feature on innovation in the New York Times:
What’s the new psychological trick for improving performance? Strategic lying. When amateur golfers were told, falsely, that a club belonged to the professional golfer Ben Curtis, they putted better than other golfers using the same club. For a study published in March, human cyclists were pitted against a computer-generated opponent moving at, supposedly, the exact speed the cyclist had achieved in an earlier time trial. In fact, the avatars were moving 2 percent faster, and the human cyclists matched them, reaching new levels of speed. Lying is obviously not a long-term strategy — once you realize what’s going on, the effects may evaporate. It works as long as your trainer can keep the secret.
We’re not supposed to lie to each other because lying is a breach of trust. It’s a moral failure. But in these cases, strategic lying can increase performance. The same is the case when using a placebo: you’re effectively lying to the patient and explaining they are receiving medicine, when in reality they are just getting a few empty calories.
Why do we consider the medical practice of placebos to be acceptable? Maybe it’s because the doctor doesn’t know when they are using a placebo. It’s the system telling the lie, not the person. For some reason, we feel that it’s ethical for a procedure to be dishonest with us. And that failure is the secret to success.